Development of a Human Resources Processes Model Based on the AMO Approach in the Iraqi Volleyball Federation
Keywords:
AMO, Iraqi Volleyball Federation, Human Resources ManagementAbstract
The aim of this study is to develop an integrated model of human resource processes based on the AMO approach in the Iraqi Volleyball Federation. This research is applied in purpose, descriptive-survey in terms of data collection, and qualitative in nature. The data analysis was conducted using thematic analysis. The statistical population of this study consisted of experts from the Iraqi Volleyball Federation and university professors in the field of sports management in Iraq. A purposive sampling method was employed, selecting 16 individuals from the Federation’s members, university professors specializing in sports management, and human resources management specialists using snowball sampling. The results of the analysis of the interviews revealed that the codes extracted from 16 interviews amounted to 315 initial codes, from which 46 primary themes were derived. Ultimately, the extracted themes were named and categorized into three final themes based on the AMO model: green ability, green motivation, and green opportunities. The AMO model, focusing on enhancing employees' capabilities, creating participation opportunities, and promoting motivation, can contribute to improving organizational efficiency. The findings also indicate that employee training and development of skills, as well as the creation of reward systems aligned with desired behaviors, are key success factors in implementing this model.
References
J. Combs, Y. Liu, A. Hall, and D. Ketchen, "How much do high performance work practices matter? A meta-analysis of their effects on organizational performance," Personnel Psychology, vol. 59, pp. 501-528, 2006, doi: 10.1111/j.1744-6570.2006.00045.x.
K. Jiang, D. P. Lepak, J. Hu, and J. C. Baer, "How does human resource management influence organizational outcomes? A meta-analytic investigation of mediating mechanisms," Academy of Management Journal, vol. 55, pp. 1264-1294, 2012, doi: 10.5465/amj.2011.0088.
A. Mohammadi Yazdi, N. Mirsepasi, M. Mousakhani, and F. Hanifi, "Investigating the Status of Human Resource Management Development Indicators Based on Competency Components in the e-Commerce Development Center of the Ministry of Industry, Mines and Trade," Dynamic Management and Business Analysis, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 180-199, 2024, doi: 10.22034/dmbaj.2024.2035663.2412.
F. Hormozi Moghaddam, S. Saffarian Hamedani, and R. Yousefi Saeedabadi, "The Impact of Educational Excellence Model Components on the Development of Human Resources in Zahedan's Education Organization," (in eng), Iranian Journal of Educational Sociology, Research Article vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 133-140, 2024, doi: 10.61838/kman.ijes.7.1.13.
N. Abedini Nazari, H. Adab, and A. Chahardoli, "Designing a Model for the Integration of Physical, Informational, and Financial Processes in the Supply Chain to Achieve Resilience in the Automotive Industry," Dynamic Management and Business Analysis, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 192-204, 2024, doi: 10.61838/dmbaj.3.1.11.
K. Song, M. Guo, F. Chu, S. Yang, and K. Xiang, "The influence of perceived Human Resource strength on safety performance among high-speed railway drivers: The role of organizational identification and psychological capital," Journal of Safety Research, vol. 85, pp. 339-347, 2023/06/01/ 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2023.04.001.
K. Townsend, K. Cafferkey, S. Riaz, and T. Dundon, "The hard problem: human resource management and performance," in Handbook of HRM as process research, K. Sander, H. Yang, and C. Patel Eds.: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2021, pp. 115-131.
T. Campbell, "Equality of opportunity," Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, vol. 75, pp. 51-68, 1974, doi: 10.1093/aristotelian/75.1.51.
D. P. Schwab and L. L. Cummings, "A theoretical analysis of the impact of task scope on employee performance," Academy of Management Review, vol. 1, pp. 23-35, 1976, doi: 10.5465/amr.1976.4408660.
J. A. Marin-Garcia and M. Tomas Juan, "Deconstructing AMO framework: A systematic review," Intangible Capital, vol. 12, no. 4, p. 1040, 2016, doi: 10.3926/ic.838.
J. Paauwe, "HRM and performance: achievements, methodological issues and prospects," Journal of Management Studies, vol. 46, pp. 129-142, 2009, doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6486.2008.00809.x.
M. Blumberg and C. D. Pringle, "The missing opportunity in organizational research: some implications for a theory of work performance," Academy of Management Review, vol. 7, pp. 560-569, 1982, doi: 10.2307/257222.
C. H. Van Iddekinge, H. Aguinis, J. D. Mackey, and P. S. DeOrtentiis, "A meta-analysis of the interactive, additive, and relative effects of cognitive ability and motivation on performance," Journal of Management, vol. 44, pp. 249-279, 2018, doi: 10.1177/0149206317702220.
A. C. Bos-Nehles, M. J. Van Riemsdijk, and J. K. Looise, "Employee perceptions of line management performance: applying the AMO theory to explain the effectiveness of line managers' HRM implementation," Human Resource Management, vol. 52, pp. 861-877, 2013, doi: 10.1002/hrm.21578.
P. Boxall and J. Purcell, Strategy and human resource management. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.
J. P. MacDuffie, "Human resource bundles and manufacturing performance: organizational logic and flexible production systems in the world auto industry," ILR Review, vol. 48, no. 2, pp. 197-221, 1995, doi: 10.2307/2524483.
T. M. Gardner, P. M. Wright, and L. M. Moynihan, "The impact of motivation, empowerment, and skill-enhancing practices on aggregate voluntary turnover: the mediating effect of collective affective commitment," Personnel Psychology, vol. 64, no. 2, pp. 315-350, 2011, doi: 10.1111/j.1744-6570.2011.01212.x.
R. R. Kehoe and P. M. Wright, "The impact of high-performance human resource practices on employees' attitudes and behaviors," Journal of Management, vol. 39, pp. 366-391, 2013, doi: 10.1177/0149206310365901.
M. Ehrnrooth and I. Björkman, "An Integrative HRM Process Theorization: Beyond Signalling Effects and Mutual Gains," Journal of Management Studies, vol. 49, no. 6, pp. 1109-1135, 2012, doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6486.2012.01055.x.
S. Hutchinson, Performance management. Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development, 2013.
W. Yu, R. Chavez, M. Feng, C. Y. Wong, and B. Fynes, "Green human resource management and environmental cooperation: An ability-motivation-opportunity and contingency perspective," International Journal of Production Economics, vol. 219, pp. 224-235, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.ijpe.2019.06.013.
J. Jia, H. Liu, T. Chin, and D. Hu, "The continuous mediating effects of GHRM on employees' green passion via transformational leadership and green creativity," Sustainability, vol. 10, no. 9, pp. 3237-3255, 2018, doi: 10.3390/su10093237.
D. W. S. Renwick, C. J. C. Jabbour, M. Muller-Camen, T. Redman, and A. Wilkinson, "Contemporary developments in Green (environmental) HRM scholarship," International Journal of Human Resource Management, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 114-128, 2016, doi: 10.1080/09585192.2015.1105844.
H. H. D. N. P. Opatha and A. Arulrajah, "Green human resource management: simplified general reflections," International Business Research, vol. 7, pp. 101-112, 2014, doi: 10.5539/ibr.v7n8p101.
P. H. Opatha, "Green human resource management: a simplified introduction," in Proceedings of the HR Dialogue, 2013, vol. 1, 1 ed., pp. 11-21.
H. A. Masri and A. A. M. Jaaron, "Assessing green human resources management practices in Palestinian manufacturing context: An empirical study," Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 143, pp. 474-489, 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.12.087.
M. H. Jabbar and M. Abid, "GHRM: motivating Employees towards organizational environmental performance," MAGNT Research Report, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 267-278, 2014.
C. C. Jabbour, "Environmental training in organizations: from a literature review to a framework for future research," Resources, Conservation and Recycling, vol. 74, pp. 144-155, 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2012.12.017.
C. J. C. Jabbour, "How green are HRM practices, organizational culture, learning and teamwork? A Brazilian study," Industrial and Commercial Training, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 98-105, 2011, doi: 10.1108/00197851111108926.
C. J. C. Jabbour and A. B. L. D. S. Jabbour, "Green human resource management and green supply chain management: linking two emerging agendas," Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 112, pp. 1824-1833, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.01.052.
C. Lloyd, M. Harris, and C. Andrew, "The greening of organizational culture, Management views on the depth, degree and diffusion of change," Journal of Organizational Change Management, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 214-234, 2016, doi: 10.1108/09534810210429273.
T. Liu and P. Xie, "Informatics and Management Science III," in Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 2013, pp. 57-65.
J. Siyambalapitiya, X. Zhang, and X. Liu, "Green Human Resource Management: A Proposed Model in the Context of Sri Lanka's Tourism Industry," Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.07.305.
M. F. Abdull Razab, Z. Udin, and W. N. Osman, "Understanding the role of GHRM towards environmental performance," Journal of Global Business and Social Entrepreneurship, vol. 1, pp. 118-125, 2015.
A. A. Arulrajah, H. H. D. N. P. Opatha, and N. N. J. Nawaratne, "Green human resource management practices: a review," Sri Lankan Journal of Human Resource Management, vol. 15, pp. 1-16, 2015, doi: 10.4038/sljhrm.v5i1.5624.
M. Guerci, F. Montanari, A. Scapolan, and A. Epifanio, "Green and nongreen recruitment practices for attracting job applicants: exploring independent and interactive effects," International Journal of Human Resource Management, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 129-150, 2016, doi: 10.1080/09585192.2015.1062040.
S. E. Jackson and J. Seo, "The greening of strategic HRM scholarship," Organisation Management Journal, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 278-290, 2010, doi: 10.1057/omj.2010.37.
V. P. Sriram and M. Suba, "Impact of Green Human Resource Management (G-HRM) Practices over Organization Effectiveness," Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems, vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 386-394, 2017.
S. Ahmad, "Green human resource management: policies and practices," Cogent Business & Management, vol. 2, pp. 1-13, 2015, doi: 10.1080/23311975.2015.1030817.
S. Rothenberg, "Knowledge Content and Worker Participation in Environmental Management at NUMMI," Journal of Management Studies, vol. 40, no. 7, pp. 1783-1802, 2003, doi: 10.1111/1467-6486.00400.
S. K. Singh, M. D. Giudice, R. Chierici, and D. Graziano, "Green innovation and environmental performance: The role of green transformational leadership and green human resource management," Technological Forecasting & Social Change, vol. 150, pp. 4-12, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.techfore.2019.119762.
V. Braun and V. Clarke, "Using thematic analysis in psychology," Qualitative Research in Psychology, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 77-101, 2006, doi: 10.1191/1478088706qp063oa.
S. Ren, T. Guiyao, and E. Jackson, "Green human resource management research in emergence: A review and future directions," Asia Pacific Journal of Management, vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 1-35, 2017, doi: 10.1007/s10490-017-9532-1.
N. Frokhi and N. Safari, "Proposing a Green Human Resource Management Framework for Steel Industry," Human Resource Management Research, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 153-179, 2018.
P. Kapil, "Green HRM- Engaging Human Resource in reducing carbon footprint and enhancing environment sustainability: a case study based approach," International Journal of Engineering and Technology Science Research, vol. 2, pp. 5-14, 2015.
J. Millar, S. Chandana, Michael, and C. Müller, "Green human resource management: a comparative qualitative case study of a United States multinational corporation," The International Journal of Human Resource Management, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 192-211, 2016, doi: 10.1080/09585192.2015.1052087.
P. Mishra, "Green human resource management: A framework for sustainable organizational development in an emerging economy," International Journal of Organizational Analysis, vol. 25, no. 5, pp. 762-788, 2017, doi: 10.1108/IJOA-11-2016-1079.
J. A. Del Brio, E. Fernández, and B. Junquera, "Management and employee involvement in achieving an environmental action-based competitive advantage: An empirical study," The International Journal of Human Resource Management, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 491-522, 2007, doi: 10.1080/09585190601178687.
S. Benn, S. T. T. Teo, and A. Martin, "Employee participation and engagement in working for the environment," Personnel Review, vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 492-510, 2015, doi: 10.1108/PR-10-2013-0179.
R. C. Calia, F. M. Guerrini, and M. De Castro, "The impact of Six Sigma in the performance of a pollution prevention program," Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 17, pp. 1303-1310, 2009, doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2009.05.001.
P. Paille and N. Raineri, "Linking perceived corporate environmental policies and employees eco-initiatives: the influence of perceived organizational support and psychological contract breach," Journal of Business Research, vol. 68, pp. 2404-2411, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.02.021.
B. F. Daily, J. W. Bishop, and J. A. Massoud, "The role of training and empowerment in environmental performance: a study of the Mexican maquiladora industry," International Journal of Operations & Production Management, vol. 32, pp. 631-647, 2012, doi: 10.1108/01443571211226524.
