The Effect of Flipped Learning Based on Mathematical Software on the Behavioral and Cognitive Competencies of Pre-Service Teachers
Keywords:
Flipped Learning, Student Teachers, Mathematical Software, Behavioral Competency, Cognitive CompetencyAbstract
The present study aimed to examine the effect of flipped learning based on mathematical software on the behavioral and cognitive competencies of pre-service teachers. This research employed a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest-follow-up format, including a control group. The study sought to answer the question: Does flipped learning based on mathematical software influence the professional competencies of mathematics education pre-service teachers at Farhangian University in Tehran Province? The statistical population consisted of all male mathematics education pre-service teachers at Farhangian University in Tehran Province during the 2023–2024 academic year. A total of 40 participants were selected through multistage cluster sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The research instrument was Karimi’s (2009) Professional Competency Questionnaire for Teachers. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc test via SPSS version 26. The results indicated that flipped learning based on mathematical software had a positive effect on the behavioral and cognitive competencies of pre-service teachers. Analytical results revealed that the use of mathematical software in flipped learning led to a 20% improvement in social interactions and a 15% increase in students’ conceptual understanding. This learning approach helps students enhance their problem-solving abilities and engage more actively in the learning process.
References
A. Dinarvand and Z. Golzari, "The effect of the flipped teaching method on teachers' professional attitudes and self-efficacy," Educational Technology Journal, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 145-156, 2019.
I. Zak-Doron and L. Perry-Hazan, "Teachers' roles in facilitating, delimiting, and balancing student participation rights: The case of democratic (open) schools' disciplinary procedures," Teaching and Teacher Education, vol. 142, pp. 15-23, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2024.104528.
T. Leibur, K. Saks, and I. A. Chounta, "Towards a conceptualized model of supporting teachers' application process for acquiring professional qualifications," International Journal of Educational Research Open, vol. 4, pp. 1-14, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2023.100236.
H. Maleki, Professional competencies of teaching. Tehran: School Publishing, 2023.
P. Omrani, F. Afkari, and M. Ghaderi, "The effect of flipped learning on the academic engagement of students in the subject of human and environment," Curriculum Studies, vol. 18, no. 69, pp. 293-312, 2023.
M. Islami, Z. Khoshneshin Langaroudi, and A. Modarresi Sarizdi, "The effect of gamified learning in flipped education on the critical thinking of students in the child mentoring program at the technical and vocational faculty of Yazd," Educational Psychology Studies, vol. 51, pp. 2-18, 2023.
Y. Ishikawa, R. Akahane-Yamada, C. Smith, M. Kondo, Y. Tsubota, and M. Dantsuji, "An EFL flipped learning course design: utilizing students' mobile online devices," 2023: Padova, Italy, pp. 261-267, doi: https://doi.org/10.14705/rpnet.2015.000343.
S. Yaqoubi, "Examining the impact of flipped teaching on the learning outcomes of eighth-grade students in science education," (Master's thesis, Kharazmi University, Tehran), 2022.
M. B. Krishnian, F. P. Por, M. R. Prasath, S. B. Goyal, C. Verma, and P. K. Singh, "Exploring the Impact of a 5E-Flipped Learning Environment on Students' Learning Motivation: A Case Study of Medical Assistant Education," in Data Science and Artificial Intelligence for Digital Healthcare: Communications Technologies for Epidemic Models. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024, pp. 213-236.
H. Syarifuddin, Y. Riza, Y. Harisman, and R. N. Ismail, "Students’ Response to the Use of a Flipped Learning Model (FLM) in Abstract Algebra Course," in Unima International Conference on Social Sciences and Humanities (UNICSSH 2022), 2023: Atlantis Press, pp. 1435-1441. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-494069-35-0_172.
J. Bergman and M. Attaran, Flipped learning. Tehran: Miraat Publishing, 2022.
J. Bergmann and A. Sams, Flipped learning: Gateway to student engagement. Toronto: International Society for Technology in Education, 2021.
S. See and J. Conry, "Flip My class. A faculty development demonstration of a flipped-class," Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 585-588, 2014, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cptl.2014.03.003.
A. D. Mazur, B. Brown, and M. Jacobsen, "Learning designs using flipped classroom instruction," Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology, vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 1-26, 2015, doi: https://doi.org/10.21432/T2PG7P.
K. Mirzaei Matin, H. Moradi Mokhles, V. Salehi, and D. Mirzaei Far, "The effectiveness of the flipped classroom on motivational strategies for learning physics concepts," Journal of Educational Psychology, Allameh Tabatabai University, vol. 16, no. 58, pp. 189-216, 2020.
D. R. Webster, M. M. Majerich, and A. G. M. Madden, "Flippin' Fluid Mechanics-Comparison using two groups," Advances in Engineering Education, 2016.
M. Alipour and M. Alipour, "An exploration of the consequences of virtual flipped learning from the perspective of teacher education students at Farhangian University," Journal of Specialized Research in Social Studies Education, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 95-110, 2022.
H. Khoshnood, S. Bakhtiarpur, S. Bavi, and R. Pasha, "Comparing the effectiveness of flipped classrooms and social media-based classrooms on creativity and self-directed learning among male high school students in Abdanan County," Journal of Innovation in Humanities Sciences, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 1-40, 2021.
M. Najafabadi, "The effectiveness of teaching through flipped learning combined with gamification on students' attitudes toward the lesson, social skills, and learning outcomes," (Master's thesis, University of Arak), 2021.
A. Dadgar, I. Bagheri, and N. Salmani, "The effect of flipped education on the self-directed learning readiness of nursing students," Strategies in Medical Science Education, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 287-294, 2020.
H. Sahebyar, G. Gol Mohammad Nejad, and I. Barghi, "The effectiveness of flipped learning on the academic engagement of secondary school students in mathematics," Journal of Educational Psychology, vol. 17, no. 59, pp. 289-316, 2021.
M. Piri, H. Sahebyar, and A. Saadollahi, "The effect of flipped classrooms on self-directed learning in English lessons," Scientific-Research Journal of Educational Technology, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 229-236, 2018.
M. Bagheri and F. Joshaghan Nejad, "The impact of flipped teaching on self-directed learning readiness and learning of students in introductory computer courses," Curriculum Technology Journal, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 49-61, 2016.
Z. Zamzami, "Students' learning performance and perceived motivation in gamified flipped-class instruction," Computers & Education, vol. 126, pp. 75-88, 2018, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2018.07.003.
D. Gonzalez-Gomez, J. S. Jeong, and F. Cañada-Cañada, "Enhancing science self-efficacy and attitudes of pre-service teachers (PST) through a flipped classroom learning environment," Interactive Learning Environments, vol. 30, no. 5, pp. 896-907, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2019.1696843.
K. L. Myung and K. P. Bu, "Effects of flipped learning using online materials in a surgical nursing practicum: A pilot stratified group randomized trial," Health Informatics Research, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 69-78, 2018, doi: https://doi.org/10.4258/hir.2018.24.1.69.
J. C. Y. Sun, Y. T. Wu, and W. I. Lee, "The effect of the flipped classroom approach to Open Course Ware instruction on students' self‐regulation," British Journal of Educational Technology, vol. 48, no. 3, pp. 713-729, 2017, doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.12444.
M. Farah, "The impact of using flipped classroom instruction on the writing performance of twelfth grade female Emirati students in the Applied Technology High School (ATHS)," (Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Education in Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL), The British University in Dubai), 2014.
J. Rutkowski and K. Moscinska, "Self-Directed Learning and Flip Teaching, Electric Circuit Theory Case Study," 2015: University of Technology (SUT).
K. Bagheri, "Teaching to and learning from: Transformation in education in light of agency and interaction," Foundations of Education Research Journal, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 5-16, 2013.
F. Karimi, "Professional competencies of general education teachers and providing an appropriate cognitive framework," (Doctoral dissertation, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran), 2009.
J. Salehi Sedeghiani and R. Gharaie Pour, "Evaluation of managers' competencies using the 360-degree feedback method," Industrial Management Quarterly, vol. 9, pp. 74-91, 2011.
L. Nikkhokouraim, "The effect of flipped learning on learning levels in mathematics and social interaction among fifth-grade elementary students," (Master's thesis, Allameh Tabatabai University), 2018.
F. Pourpasha and B. Kord, "The role of flipped learning in a joyful virtual learning environment on the surface and deep learning of sixth-grade girls in mathematics in Miandoab County," New Advances in Psychology, Educational Sciences, and Teaching, vol. 5, no. 52, pp. 85-95, 2022.
R. Gonzalez-Fernández, A. Ruiz-Cabezas, M. C. Medina Domínguez, and B. Adela Subía-Álava, "Teachers' teaching and professional competences assessment," Evaluation and Program Planning, vol. 103, pp. 1-14, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2023.102396.
Downloads
Published
Submitted
Revised
Accepted
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Milad Khazaie (Author); Musa Ebadi (Corresponding author); Mehdi Azhini , Ahmad Shahorani Semnani (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
